Nonconcave Entropies in Multifractals and the Thermodynamic Formalism

We discuss a subtlety involved in the calculation of multifractal spectra when these are expressed as Legendre-Fenchel transforms of functions analogous to free energy functions. We show that the Legendre-Fenchel transform of a free energy function yields the correct multifractal spectrum only when the latter is wholly concave. If the spectrum has no definite concavity, then the transform yields the concave envelope of the spectrum rather than the spectrum itself. Some mathematical and physical examples are given to illustrate this result, which lies at the root of the nonequivalence of the microcanonical and canonical ensembles. On a more positive note, we also show that the impossibility of expressing nonconcave multifractal spectra through Legendre-Fenchel transforms of free energies can be circumvented with the help of a generalized free energy function, which relates to a recently introduced generalized canonical ensemble. Analogies with the calculation of rate functions in large deviation theory are finally discussed. PACS numbers: 05.45.Df, 64.60.Ak, 65.40.Gr     

On the spectrum of a vector Schrödinger operator

We consider the asymptotics of the spectrum of a Sturm-Liouville operator acting on a space of vector functions and show that this asymptotics is affected by “rotation” of eigenvectors of the potential. A similar result is obtained for a vector Schrödinger operator.     

蚊蝇杀灭器及其发射光谱分析

文章首先介绍了蚊蝇杀灭器在佛山市两个单位的职工饭堂厨房和会议室或值班室的试验情况。然后围绕文中四个图说明了下面四个问题：一，展示了进行光谱分析的测量装置。二，将蚊蝇杀灭器黑光灯的发射光谱和日用荧光灯发射光谱作分析比较。三，指出黑光灯也是一种荧光灯，说明了它的发光机理。四，展示了国外一种高效黑光灯的发射光谱，它是用活性铈钙磷酸脂做荧光涂料，我们进一步深入探讨了这种黑光灯的发光机制，并介绍了它的其他用     

Mass-spectrometric study of As-substituted 10H-phenoxarsines

High-resolution mass spectrometry and analysis of kinetic energies of ions were used to establish the main routes of electron impact-induced fragmentation of several As-substituted 10H-phenoxarsines. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 7, pp. 1440–1442, July, 1998.     

在失谐简并四波混频中实现量子噪声完全压缩的方法

讨论了在失谐简并四波混频中三种可能实现电磁场量子噪声完全压缩的方法.     

膨胀的热的富重子夸克─胶子物质的双轻子产生的抑制

从完全核阻止的假定出发基于３＋１维ＲＨＥ研究了双轻子谱，并得到结论：如果在极端相对论性原子核碰撞中富重子的夸克－胶子物质真地产生了，那么随着初始重子密度的增加，在不变质量２ｍπ和１ＧｅＶ之间双轻子的产生将会显示出强烈的抑制，而且将有一个反常的峰出现在不变质量０．７５ＧｅＶ附近．这些预言可以在ＣＥＲＮ和Ｂｒｏｏｋｈａｖｅｎ即将开展的实验中得到检验．     

利用APPLEⅡ机实现谱板的自动化测量

采用APPLEⅡ微机控制9W测微光密度计,实现对谱板自动化测量。论述了该系统的工作原理、主要功能和特性。给出了使用该系统所测得的实际光谱谱图。     

芳烃混合物的三维荧光光谱的降秩因子分析

本文介绍了降秩因子（ＲＡＦＡ）方法，它是从一个多组分混合物中直接定量计算其中某一组分，而不必知道其他组分的物种及含量的一种定量分析的数学方法。它适用于双线性的数据。本实验首先将荧光分光光度计与外接计算机相连，以获得样品的激发－发射矩阵（ＥＥＭ），再用ＲＡＦＡ方法对蒽，萘，菲，芘，芴，Ｑｕ六种标样的一至五组分的混合物进行定量分析，获得满意的结果。     

Theoretical study of possible products of the combination of H2O and HCN

Twenty-two structures with the empirical formula H₃CNO are presented. These structures are examined since they have the same formula as the H₂O…HCN complex. The H₂O…HCN potential energy surface is of interest to chemists studying the water catalyzed polymerization of HCN. Structures, thermodynamics, and vibrational spectra are examined.     

混合二肽的场解吸质谱

为了探索生物化学、生物医学中混合寡肽的分析问题,对未衍生的混合二肽场解吸质谱进行了研究(图1和图2)。在图1图2中出现了所有二肽的准分子离子[M+H]~+,除此外还出现了[2M+H]~+、[M_(AB)+H]~+、[M_(AC)+H]~+等集聚离子,这些集聚离子能用于进一步确定各个肽的分子量。